1.3.5. Creating Surface Datasets¶
When just creating a replacement file for an existing one, the relevant tool should be used directly to create the file. When you are creating a set of files for a new resolution there are some dependencies between the tools that you need to keep in mind when creating them. The main dependency is that you MUST create a SCRIP grid file first as the SCRIP grid dataset is then input into the other tools. Also look at Table 3-1 which gives information on the files required and when. Figure 1.3.2 shows an overview of the general data-flow for creation of the fsurdat datasets.
Figure 1.3.2 Data Flow for Creation of Surface Datasets from Raw SCRIP Grid Files¶
Starting from a SCRIP grid file that describes the grid you will run the model on, you first run mkmapdata.sh to create a list of mapping files. See Figure 1.3.1 for a more detailed view of how mkmapdata.sh works. The mapping files tell mksurfdata_map how to map between the output grid and the raw datasets that it uses as input. The output of mksurfdata_map is a surface dataset that you then use for running the model. See Figure :numref:`Figure mksurfdatamap for a more detailed view of how mksurfdata_map works.
Figure 1.3.3 is the legend for this figure (Figure 1.3.2) and other figures in this chapter (Figure Global_Domain, Figure 1.3.5 and Figure mksurfdatamap).
Figure 1.3.3 Legend for Data Flow Figures¶
Green arrows define the input to a program, while red arrows define the output. Cylinders define files that are either created by a program or used as input for a program. Boxes are programs.
You start with a description of a SCRIP grid file for your output grid file and then create mapping files from the raw datasets to it. Once, the mapping files are created mksurfdata_map is run to create the surface dataset to run the model.
1.3.5.1. Creating a Complete Set of Files for Input to CLM¶
Create SCRIP grid datasets (if NOT already done)
First you need to create a descriptor file for your grid, that includes the locations of cell centers and cell corners. There is also a “mask” field, but in this case the mask is set to one everywhere (i.e. all of the masks for the output model grid are “nomask”). An example SCRIP grid file is: $CSMDATA/lnd/clm2/mappingdata/grids/SCRIPgrid_10x15_nomask_c110308.nc. The mkmapgrids and mkscripgrid.ncl NCL script in the $CTSMROOT/tools/mkmapgrids directory can help you with this. SCRIP grid files for all the standard CLM grids are already created for you. See the Section called Creating an output SCRIP grid file at a resolution to run the model on for more information on this.
Create domain dataset (if NOT already done)
Next use gen_domain to create a domain file for use by DATM and CLM. This is required, unless a domain file was already created. See the Section called Creating a domain file for CLM and DATM for more information on this.
Create mapping files for mksurfdata_map (if NOT already done)
Create mapping files for mksurfdata_map with mkmapdata.sh in $CTSMROOT/tools/mkmapdata. See the Section called Creating mapping files that mksurfdata_map will use for more information on this.
Create surface datasets
Next use mksurfdata_map to create a surface dataset, using the mapping datasets created on the previous step as input. There is a version for either clm4_0 or CLM5.0 for this program. See the Section called Using mksurfdata_map to create surface datasets from grid datasets for more information on this.
Enter the new datasets into the build-namelist XML database The last optional thing to do is to enter the new datasets into the build-namelist XML database. See Chapter 3 for more information on doing this. This is optional because the user may enter these files into their namelists manually. The advantage of entering them into the database is so that they automatically come up when you create new cases.
The $CTSMROOT/tools/README goes through the complete process for creating input files needed to run CLM. We repeat that file here:
$CTSMROOT/tools/README Jun/08/2018
CLM tools for analysis of CLM history files -- or for creation or
modification of CLM input files.
I. General directory structure:
$CTSMROOT/tools
mksurfdata_map --- Create surface datasets.
(NOTE: interpinic now longer included as now an online capability in CLM)
mkmapgrids ------- Create regular lat/lon SCRIP grid files needed by mkmapdata
mkmapdata -------- Create SCRIP mapping data from SCRIP grid files (uses ESMF)
mkprocdata_map --- Convert output unstructured grids into a 2D format that
can be plotted easily
ncl_scripts ------ NCL post or pre processing scripts.
contrib ---------- Miscellaneous tools for pre or post processing of CTSM.
Typically these are contributed by anyone who has something
they think might be helpful to the community. They may not
be as well tested or supported as other tools.
cime-tools ($CIMEROOT/tools/) (CIMEROOT is ../cime for a CTSM checkout and ../../../cime for a CESM checkout)
$CIMEROOT/mapping/gen_domain_files
gen_domain ------- Create data model domain datasets from SCRIP mapping datasets.
II. Notes on building/running for each of the above tools:
Each tool that has FORTRAN source code (mksurfdata_map and mkprocdata_map) has the following files:
README ------- Specific help for using the specific tool and help on specific
files in that directory.
src/Filepath ----- List of directories needed to build the tool
(some files in ../src directories are required).
src/Makefile ----- GNU Makefile to build the tool
(these are identical between tools.
src/Macros.custom Customization of make macros for the particular tool in question
src/Srcfiles ----- List of source files that are needed.
src/Mkdepends ---- Dependency generator program
mkmapdata, mkmapgrids and ncl_scripts only contain scripts so don't have the above build files.
Most tools have copies of files from other directories -- see the README.filecopies
file for more information on this.
Tools may also have files with the directory name followed by namelist to provide sample namelists.
<directory>.namelist ------ Namelist to create a global file.
These files are also used by the test scripts to test the tools (see the
README.testing) file.
NOTE: Be sure to change the path of the datasets references by these namelists to
point to where you have exported your CESM inputdata datasets.
To build:
cd <directory>
setenv INC_NETCDF <path-to-NetCDF-include-files>
setenv LIB_NETCDF <path-to-NetCDF-library-files>
gmake
The process will create a file called "Depends" which has the dependencies
for the build of each file on other files.
By default some codes may be compiled non-optimized
so that you can use the debugger, and with bounds-checking, and float trapping on.
To speed up do the following...
gmake OPT=TRUE (by default already on for interpinic and mksurfdata_map)
Also some of the tools allow for OpenMP shared memory parallelism
(such as interpinic and mksurfdata) with
gmake SMP=TRUE
To run a program with a namelist:
./program < namelist
To get help on running a program with command line options (e.g., interpinic):
./program
To run a program built with SMP=TRUE:
setenv OMP_NUM_THREADS=<number_of_threads_to_use>
run normally as above
III. Process sequence to create input datasets needed to run CLM
1.) Create SCRIP grid files (if needed)
a.) For standard resolutions these files will already be created. (done)
b.) To create regular lat-lon regional/single-point grids run mknoocnmap.pl
This will create both SCRIP grid files and a mapping file that will
be valid if the region includes NO ocean whatsoever (so you can skip step 2).
You can also use this script to create SCRIP grid files for a region
(or even a global grid) that DOES include ocean if you use step 2 to
create mapping files for it (simply discard the non-ocean map created by
this script).
Example, for single-point over Boulder Colorado.
cd mkmapdata
./mknoocnmap.pl -p 40,255 -n 1x1_boulderCO
c.) General case
You'll need to convert or create SCRIP grid files on your own (using scripts
or other tools) for the general case where you have an unstructured grid, or
a grid that is not regular in latitude and longitude.
example format
==================
netcdf fv1.9x2.5_090205 {
dimensions:
grid_size = 13824 ;
grid_corners = 4 ;
grid_rank = 2 ;
variables:
double grid_center_lat(grid_size) ;
grid_center_lat:units = "degrees" ;
double grid_center_lon(grid_size) ;
grid_center_lon:units = "degrees" ;
double grid_corner_lat(grid_size, grid_corners) ;
grid_corner_lat:units = "degrees" ;
double grid_corner_lon(grid_size, grid_corners) ;
grid_corner_lon:units = "degrees" ;
int grid_dims(grid_rank) ;
int grid_imask(grid_size) ;
grid_imask:units = "unitless" ;
2.) Create ocean to atmosphere mapping file (if needed)
a.) Standard resolutions (done)
If this is a standard resolution with a standard ocean resolution -- this
step is already done, the files already exist.
b.) Region without Ocean (done in step 1.b)
IF YOU RAN mknoocnmap.pl FOR A REGION WITHOUT OCEAN THIS STEP IS ALREADY DONE.
c.) New atmosphere or ocean resolution
If the region DOES include ocean, use $CIMEROOT/tools/mapping/gen_domain_files/gen_maps.sh to create a
mapping file for it.
Example:
cd $CIMEROOT/tools/mapping/gen_domain_files
./gen_maps.sh -focn <ocngrid> -fatm <atmgrid> -nocn <ocnname> -natm <atmname>
3.) Add SCRIP grid file(s) created in (1) into XML database in CLM (optional)
See the "Adding New Resolutions or New Files to the build-namelist Database"
Chapter in the CLM User's Guide
http://www.cesm.ucar.edu/models/cesm1.0/clm/models/lnd/clm/doc/UsersGuide/book1.html
If you don't do this step, you'll need to specify the file to mkmapdata
in step (3) using the "-f" option.
4.) Create mapping files for use by mksurfdata_map with mkmapdata
(See mkmapdata/README for more help on doing this)
- this step uses the results of (1) that were entered into the XML database
by step (3). If you don't enter datasets in, you need to specify the
SCRIP grid file using the "-f" option to mkmapdata.sh.
Example: to generate all necessary mapping files for the ne30np4 grid
cd mkmapdata
./mkmapdata.sh -r ne30np4
5.) Add mapping file(s) created in step (4) into XML database in CLM (optional)
See notes on doing this in step (3) above.
Edit ../bld/namelist_files/namelist_defaults_clm.xml to incorporate new
mapping files.
If you don't do this step, you'll need to specify the grid resolution name
and file creation dates to mksurfdata_map in step (5) below.
6.) Convert map of ocean to atm for use by DATM and CLM with gen_domain
(See $CIMEROOT/tools/mapping/README for more help on doing this)
- gen_domain uses the map from step (2) (or previously created CESM maps)
Example:
cd $CIMEROOT/tools/mapping/gen_domain_files/src
gmake
cd ..
setenv CDATE 090206
setenv OCNGRIDNAME gx1v6
setenv ATMGRIDNAME fv1.9x2.5
setenv MAPFILE $CSMDATA/cpl/cpl6/map_${OCNGRIDNAME}_to_${ATMGRIDNAME}_aave_da_${CDATE}.nc
./gen_domain -m $MAPFILE -o $OCNGRIDNAME -l $ATMGRIDNAME
Normally for I compsets running CLM only you will discard the ocean domain
file, and only use the atmosphere domain file for datm and as the fatmlndfrc
file for CLM. Output domain files will be named according to the input OCN/LND
gridnames.
7.) Create surface datasets with mksurfdata_map
(See mksurfdata_map/README for more help on doing this)
- Run mksurfdata_map/mksurfdata.pl
- This step uses the results of step (4) entered into the XML database
in step (5).
- If datasets were NOT entered into the XML database, set the resolution
to "usrspec" and use the "-usr_gname", and "-usr_gdate" options.
Example: for 0.9x1.25 resolution
cd mksurfdata_map/src
gmake
cd ..
./mksurfdata.pl -r 0.9x1.25
NOTE that surface dataset will be used by default for fatmgrid - and it will
contain the lat,lon,edges and area values for the atm grid - ASSUMING that
the atm and land grid are the same
8.) Interpolate initial conditions using interpinic (optional)
(See interpinic/README for more help on doing this)
9.) Add new files to XML data or using user_nl_clm (optional)
See notes on doing this in step (3) above.
IV. Example of creating single-point datasets without entering into XML database.
Here we apply the process described in III. for a single-point dataset
where we don't enter the datasets into the XML database (thus skipping
steps 3, 5 and 9), but use the needed command line options to specify where the
files are. This also skips step (2) since step 1 creates the needed mapping file.
We also skip step (8) and do NOT create a finidat file.
0.) Set name of grid to use and the creation date to be used later...
setenv GRIDNAME 1x1_boulderCO
setenv CDATE `date +%y%m%d`
1.) SCRIP grid and atm to ocn mapping file
cd mkmapdata
./mknoocnmap.pl -p 40,255 -n $GRIDNAME
# Set pointer to MAPFILE that will be used in step (6)
setenv MAPFILE `pwd`/map_${GRIDNAME}_noocean_to_${GRIDNAME}_nomask_aave_da_${CDATE}.nc
cd ../..
2.) skip
3.) skip
4.) Mapping files needed for mksurfdata_map
cd mkmapdata
setenv GRIDFILE ../mkmapgrids/SCRIPgrid_${GRIDNAME}_nomask_${CDATE}.nc
./mkmapdata.sh -r $GRIDNAME -f $GRIDFILE -t regional
cd ../..
5.) skip
6.) Generate domain file for datm and CLM
cd $CIMEROOT/tools/mapping/gen_domain_files/src
gmake
cd ..
setenv OCNDOM domain.ocn_noocean.nc
setenv ATMDOM domain.lnd.{$GRIDNAME}_noocean.nc
./gen_domain -m $MAPFILE -o $OCNDOM -l $ATMDOM
7.) Create surface dataset for CLM
cd mksurfdata_map/src
gmake
cd ..
./mksurfdata.pl -r usrspec -usr_gname $GRIDNAME -usr_gdate $CDATE
8.) skip
9.) skip
V. Notes on which input datasets are needed for CLM
global or regional/single-point grids
- need fsurdata and fatmlndfrc
fsurdata ---- from mksurfdata_map in step (III.7)
fatmlndfrc -- use the domain.lnd file from gen_domain in step (III.6)